Open water with frazil ice forming between floes

Refraction pattern in open water in vicinity of small chunk of ice.

Brash ice with refraction pattern and frazil ice forming.

Frazil ice, nilas ice, and ice floes

Ice floes and nilas ice in between

The bow of the CGC HEALY is seen as it breaks through dark nilas ice.

Nilas ice and gray ice in a polynya.

An area that has almost completely refrozen with snow covering refrozen and new ice areas.

The CGC HEALY cuts through and area of dark nilas. Both the elasticity of nilas is seen with the bow wave propagating through the ice sheet and also the rafting effect caused by wind and pressure which helps the ice build in thickness.

Nilas ice grading to grey ice.

Grey ice forming large pancakes.

Caspar the Friendly Ghost looking up through the ice. Not really. Edge of a floe seen through frazil ice.

Angular brash ice

Angular brash ice

Small pancakes forming an almost continuous floe

Nilas ice cracking and refreezing along boundaries between individual pieces of ice.

Ice floes with melt pools in various stages of refreezing

Large and small pancake ice freezing together

Nilas ice exhibiting rafting

Refreezing brash ice with nearly solid pack ice ahead.

Brash ice and ice floes freezing together

Brash ice, frazil ice and ice floes.

Nilas ice exhibiting finger rafting

Ice crystals frozen together.

New ice

New ice

Nilas ice and frazil ice in foreground with ice floes and ice pack in the distance.

Broken and refrozen surface of new ice

Broken and refrozen surface of new ice

New ice composed of nilas ice and frazil ice.

Ice floes freezing together to form solid ice surface.

Large blocks of ice frozen in place while perpendicular to water surface.

Small pancakes freezing together

Brash ice

Brash ice

Brash ice

Brash ice

Bridge radar view of ice cover at 79 38 N 145 27 W in the Beaufort Sea on

Swirls of nilas forming on open water

Looking over the bow of the USCGS HEALY at a stretch of open water on which frazil and nilas ice are forming. Pack ice to the right in photo.

Bridge display showing latitude, longitude, speed over ground, and various meteorological parameters.

Large pancakes and new ice.

New ice

New ice

Canadian Coast Guard Vessel LOUIS S. ST. LAURENT seen in the distance over pack ice.

Almost 100 per cent ice cover in the vicinity of the HEALY as shown on the bridge radar. 78 58 N 12922 W.

Fractures extending to a frozen lead filled with brash ice.

Ridges and hummocks in multi-year ice and an open lead.

The hummocky appearance of multi-year ice as the great ice fields have now formed by mid- to late September.

The hummocky appearance of multi-year ice as the great ice fields have now formed by mid- to late September.