First map produced from SEAMAP surveys of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. This was the first attempt to systematically survey an oceanic basin. The survey grid was on ten mile line spacing and used single beam sounding. The seamounts in the SE corner of this map are now called the Coast and Geodetic Survey Seamount Province.

An interesting submarine crater on the continental shelf west of Prince of Wales Island. This feature was discovered by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and reported by Nicholas Heck of the C&GS.

First published indication of the dual-peaked with median valley nature of a mid-ocean ridge. This is the Murray Ridge in the Indian Ocean. 1934 Nature Magazine.

First published indication of the dual-peaked with median valley nature of a mid-ocean ridge. This is the Murray Ridge in the Indian Ocean. 1934 Nature Magazine.

Crudely located epicenters of earthquakes published by Nicholas Heck of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1927. The correlation of earthquake epicenters with trench areas is beginning to become apparent on this map.

Crudely located epicenters of earthquakes published by Nicholas Heck of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1927. The correlation of earthquake epicenters with trench areas is beginning to become apparent on this map.

Earthquake epicenter map published in 1937 clearly showing correlation of earthquakes with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Map by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Map showing earthquake zone through Arctic Ocean correlating with postion of Gakkel Ridge, today known to be a mid-ocean ridge spreading center. Map by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

1935 map of Earthquake Zones showing correlation with Pacific Ring of Fire, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and segments of ridge in both Pacific and Indian Oceans. Map produced by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Map of deep sea expeditions by Dr. Georg von Boguslawski. Includes tracks of CHALLENGER, GAZELLE, and TUSCARORA with many of the observed depths. In: "Der Tiefsee" by Boguslawski. Library Call Number C/L C67.5 T .

Map of major marine currents of the world in: "Physical Geography," by Arnold Guyot, 1873. P. 66. Call no. 551.4 G989ph .

"Tidal Wave in the Three Great Oceans" showing the theorized course of the tides and "The Great River Basins of the World." In: "Physical Geography," by Arnold Guyot, 1873. P. 66. Call no. 551.4 G989ph .

Map of the then recently discovered "Planet Deep". Named for the German research ship Planet. This deep was discovered in 1912 and at 9788 meters off the northeast tip of Mindanao, it was then the deepest known spot in the ocean. In: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, 1912. P. 630.

Alderdice Bank features two towers of basalt over 60' tall, and one large elevated region to the east featuring sponges, gorgonians, and leafy green algae .

Bear Seamount multi-beam survey done during Mountains in the Sea Expedition 2004 .

"Graphic Representation of Soundings taken by U.S.S. STEWART with Sonic Depth Finder". Pilot Chart for the North Atlantic, November 1922.

"Graphic Representation of Soundings taken by U.S.S. STEWART with Sonic Depth Finder" in "Hydrographic Review", Vol. 1, no. 1. 1923.

Title block of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

"San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

SW corner of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

Central portion of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

Bathymetric map of Pacific Ocean. Shading on this map indicates depth with dark blue being the deepest areas. This map was derived from satellite altimetry data and is notable for showing the tectonic fabric of the seafloor.

Bathymetric map of atlantic and Indian Oceans. Shading on this map indicates depth with dark blue being the deepest areas. This map was derived from satellite altimetry data and is notable for showing the tectonic fabric of the seafloor.

Map showing location of many of the seamounts of the New England Seamount Chain.

Large massif

Healy Seamount named for the USCGC HEALY which was the discovery vessel.

Scour marks and sand waves on the continental slope

Pock marks on the continental slope

Newly discovered seamount

Newly discovered seamount

Heezen-Tharp map of the world ocean produced by the U. S. Navy.

A view of Basin I, one of the deepest basins in the Havre Trough with a depth of more than 3,400 meters. Looking towards the SE with Brothers Volcano at 1,200 meters in the background.

A 3-D view of the amphitheater-shaped slump scars on the northwestern wall of Brothers Volcano. ABE bathymetry in the foreground is overlaid by EM300 bathymetry. There is no vertical exaggeration

Brothers Volcano as looking into the caldera from the south, the site of recent volcanic eruptions and ongoing hydrothermal venting from the summit crater.

ABE high resolution bathymetry overlaid on EM 300 bathymetry at Brothers Volcano . 1.5 X vertical exaggeration. Looking from southeast toward northwest.

Map showing the location of several of the small rift basins int eh Havre Trough . The largest is the Ngatoro Rift (A1-A-5).

A 3-D image of Brothers Volcano as viewed looking to the NW. The cone in the left center rises about 350 above the calderal floor to a depth of about 1,100 meters below the sea surface. An extensive hydrothermal field occurs atop this cone and almost on the summit of the smaller cone on its flanks. .

3-D image of the floor of the northern Gulf of Mexico. This image was derived primarily from NOAA EEZ mapping project multi-beam datasets and earlier single -beam datasets.

Chart of Track of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. This was one of the earliest cruises conducted primarily for observing oceanographic phenomena, including currents, winds, water temperature, and finding and/or disproving vigias. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session.

Title block and legend to chart of Track of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session. Chart of Track of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy Commanding.

Southeast corner of chart of Track of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session. Chart shows currents, winds, limit of depth observations, air temperature, water surface temperature, station locations, etc . The Le Pacifique was location of an observed earthquake in the Volcanic Region

Blowup of Volcanic Region (Supposed) showing various vigias (supposed islands or reefs that were reported to pose hazards to navigation) as well as oceanographic and meteorological phenomena. Chart of Track of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session.

Anfitrite Breakers vigia. No indication of a shoal or other feature in the area. Main search is east-west as it was assumed that latitude would have been more accurate than longitude as observed by reporting ship. In: Report and Charts of the Cruise of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session.

Dyet Rocks vigia. No indication of a shoal or other feature in the area. In: Report and Charts of the Cruise of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session.

The Rocas islands and atoll. This is the only Atlantic atoll and was positioned by Samuel Phillips Lee, commanding officer of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN. In: Report and Charts of the Cruise of the U.S. Surveying Brig DOLPHIN: Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy. Commanding. Senate Executive Document No. 59. 33rd Congress, 1st Session.

The Century Atlas topographic/bathymetric map of the World. This map uses a nomenclature for sea floor features different than that of either Supan or Murray but follows Supan's philosophy of naming features for proximity to or association with nearby geographic features in the Atlantic but follows a combination of Murray and Petermann nomenclature for the Pacific Ocean.

A German map of the Arctic Ocean showing the state of geographic knowledge of the Arctic region as a result of expeditions up to the FRAM

Deep sea temperatures observed on the ship William Barents in the Barents Sea in 1880.

Track of the ALBATROSS from Ponapi through the Carolines to Guam. This map was produced by Alexander Agassiz and published in: TheMemoirs of The Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Vol XXVI, No. 1.

Track of the ALBATROSS over Mariana Trench with soundings showing the Nero Deep and the deepest sounding ever taken by the ALBATROSS. In: The Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Vol XXVI, No. 1.