Coast and Geodetic Survey chart Charleston Light to Cape Canaveral showing bottom characteristics as mapped by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the National Research Defense Committee and location of known offshore shipwrecks. This chart was classified "restricted" for purposes of anti-submarine warfare.

Coast and Geodetic Survey chart Cape Canaveral to Key West showing bottom characteristics as mapped by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the National Research Defense Committee and location of known offshore shipwrecks. This chart was classified "restricted" for purposes of anti-submarine warfare.

German map showing most of the major divisions of the oceanic basins including major ridges and basins. This map was produced in 1943 by O. Jessen, fifteen years before Ewing, Heezen, and Tharp surmised the continuity of the oceanic ridge system. Published in Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen.

Section of Coast and Geodetic Survey chart No. 116 south of Lake Charles, Louisiana and Port Arthur, Texas, showing salt domes. The C&GS was the first to discover offshore salt domes as the result of surveys conducted with radio- acoustic ranging in the 1930's.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing Philippine Trench, Yap Trench, and Palau Trench bordering Philippine Sea. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901. Note unique shading and contouring method. 1954.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing Kuril Trench and Aleutian Trench. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America, interpreted by Robert Dietz.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing Kuril Trench and Emperor Seamount Chain for first time. Chain was named by Robert Dietz. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area around Marshall Islands. Note unique contouring and shading. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area aound Mariana Trench. Note unique contouring and shading. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area aound Philippine Sea. Note unique contouring and shading. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area aound Mariana Trench. Note unique contouring and shading. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area aound Magellan Seamounts. First use of this name. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Section of Bathymetric Chart of the Northwest Pacific showing area aound Japan Trench. Note unique contouring and shading. Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geol. Soc. America.

Title block of Japanese Hydrographic Office Bathymetric Chart 6901 published by Geological Society of America in 1954.

Map of Gulf of Mexico by Gealy 1956. Data from Coast and Geodetic Survey hydrographic surveys utilizing EPI, the Electronic Position Indicator.

First map produced from SEAMAP surveys of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. This was the first attempt to systematically survey an oceanic basin. The survey grid was on ten mile line spacing and used single beam sounding. The seamounts in the SE corner of this map are now called the Coast and Geodetic Survey Seamount Province.

An interesting submarine crater on the continental shelf west of Prince of Wales Island. This feature was discovered by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and reported by Nicholas Heck of the C&GS.

First published indication of the dual-peaked with median valley nature of a mid-ocean ridge. This is the Murray Ridge in the Indian Ocean. 1934 Nature Magazine.

First published indication of the dual-peaked with median valley nature of a mid-ocean ridge. This is the Murray Ridge in the Indian Ocean. 1934 Nature Magazine.

Crudely located epicenters of earthquakes published by Nicholas Heck of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1927. The correlation of earthquake epicenters with trench areas is beginning to become apparent on this map.

Crudely located epicenters of earthquakes published by Nicholas Heck of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1927. The correlation of earthquake epicenters with trench areas is beginning to become apparent on this map.

Earthquake epicenter map published in 1937 clearly showing correlation of earthquakes with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Map by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Map showing earthquake zone through Arctic Ocean correlating with postion of Gakkel Ridge, today known to be a mid-ocean ridge spreading center. Map by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

1935 map of Earthquake Zones showing correlation with Pacific Ring of Fire, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and segments of ridge in both Pacific and Indian Oceans. Map produced by Nicholas Heck of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Map of deep sea expeditions by Dr. Georg von Boguslawski. Includes tracks of CHALLENGER, GAZELLE, and TUSCARORA with many of the observed depths. In: "Der Tiefsee" by Boguslawski. Library Call Number C/L C67.5 T .

Map of major marine currents of the world in: "Physical Geography," by Arnold Guyot, 1873. P. 66. Call no. 551.4 G989ph .

"Tidal Wave in the Three Great Oceans" showing the theorized course of the tides and "The Great River Basins of the World." In: "Physical Geography," by Arnold Guyot, 1873. P. 66. Call no. 551.4 G989ph .

Map of the then recently discovered "Planet Deep". Named for the German research ship Planet. This deep was discovered in 1912 and at 9788 meters off the northeast tip of Mindanao, it was then the deepest known spot in the ocean. In: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, 1912. P. 630.

Alderdice Bank features two towers of basalt over 60' tall, and one large elevated region to the east featuring sponges, gorgonians, and leafy green algae .

Bear Seamount multi-beam survey done during Mountains in the Sea Expedition 2004 .

"Graphic Representation of Soundings taken by U.S.S. STEWART with Sonic Depth Finder". Pilot Chart for the North Atlantic, November 1922.

"Graphic Representation of Soundings taken by U.S.S. STEWART with Sonic Depth Finder" in "Hydrographic Review", Vol. 1, no. 1. 1923.

Title block of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

"San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

SW corner of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

Central portion of "San Francisco to Pt. Descanso Bathymetric Chart." This was the very first bathymetric map produced solely from acoustic soundings.

Bathymetric map of Pacific Ocean. Shading on this map indicates depth with dark blue being the deepest areas. This map was derived from satellite altimetry data and is notable for showing the tectonic fabric of the seafloor.

Bathymetric map of atlantic and Indian Oceans. Shading on this map indicates depth with dark blue being the deepest areas. This map was derived from satellite altimetry data and is notable for showing the tectonic fabric of the seafloor.

Map showing location of many of the seamounts of the New England Seamount Chain.

Large massif

Healy Seamount named for the USCGC HEALY which was the discovery vessel.

Scour marks and sand waves on the continental slope

Pock marks on the continental slope

Newly discovered seamount

Newly discovered seamount

Heezen-Tharp map of the world ocean produced by the U. S. Navy.

A view of Basin I, one of the deepest basins in the Havre Trough with a depth of more than 3,400 meters. Looking towards the SE with Brothers Volcano at 1,200 meters in the background.

A 3-D view of the amphitheater-shaped slump scars on the northwestern wall of Brothers Volcano. ABE bathymetry in the foreground is overlaid by EM300 bathymetry. There is no vertical exaggeration

Brothers Volcano as looking into the caldera from the south, the site of recent volcanic eruptions and ongoing hydrothermal venting from the summit crater.

ABE high resolution bathymetry overlaid on EM 300 bathymetry at Brothers Volcano . 1.5 X vertical exaggeration. Looking from southeast toward northwest.