City leaders shouldering shovels and hoes to help clean up the city. Little mud on the clothes might indicate a posed picture for publicity purposes. As seen in: "Our National Calamity of Fire, Flood, and Tornado" by Logan Marshall, 1913. L. T. Myers publisher. These floods caused 527 deaths, the U.S. record for the 20th Century.

A typical scene at one of the relief stations following the flood. Orville Wright was one of the men in the relief line. As seen in: "Our National Calamity of Fire, Flood, and Tornado" by Logan Marshall, 1913. L. T. Myers publisher. These floods caused 527 deaths, the U.S. record for the 20th Century.

Cromwell Wharf at the foot of Toulouse Street during the floods of the spring of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903 in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield, 1904. Page 8. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303.

An Indian Mound in Arkansas serves as a refuge for men and beasts during the spring flood of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903 in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield, 1904. Page 12. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Repairing Levee at Lagrange, Mississippi." Note convict laborers in uniform. During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Topeka, Kans. Melan Bridge after the Water Had Fallen 6 Feet." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Topeka, Kans. Building pontoon bridge from Rock Island Depot to South Approach of Melan Bridge." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Junction City, Kans. Looking east from court-house." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Kansas City, Mo. Flood debris, Kansas River; Missouri Pacific Railroad Bridge on the left." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Des Moines, Iowa. Portion of flooded district in south Des Moines." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"East St. Louis, Ill. Portion of flooded district." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"St. Louis, Mo. Scene on the levee during height of the flood." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Kansas City, Mo. Scene in the freight yard of the St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad after subsidence of the flood." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Mississippi River. Hymelia Crevasse, Louisiana." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Mississippi River, constructing cribbing, Hymelia Crevasse, Louisiana. During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Mississippi River. Flood scene near Pilcher Point, Louisiana." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

"Mississippi River. Rush of water through Holly Bush crevasse, Arkansas." During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

The Missouri Pacific Railroad Bridge over the Kansas River. This bridge was the only one of 17 that was not swept away. During the spring floods of 1903. In: "The Floods of the Spring of 1903, in the Mississippi Watershed" by H. C. Frankenfield. 1904. Weather Bureau Bulletin M, W. B. No. 303. Library Call No. QC983 .B8 no.M.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Johnstown as left by the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P.19. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "General View of the Ruins, Looking Up Stony Creek." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 55. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Ruins Showing the Path of the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 73. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Typical Scene in Johnstown." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 91. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Johnstown - View Cor. Main and Clinton Streets." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 109. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "View on Clinton St., Johnstown." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 127. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Main and Clinton Sts., Looking Southwest." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 145. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Ruins from Site of the Hulburt House." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 181. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "The Debris above the Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 199. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Ruins of the Cambria Iron Works." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 217. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Ruins of the Cambria Iron Company's Store." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 235. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Third Street, Williamsport, Pa., during the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 253. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Wreck of the Iron Bridge at Williamsport, Pa." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 271. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Wreck of the Lumber Yards at Williamsport, Pa." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 289. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "250,000,000 Feet of Logs Afloat in the Susquehanna." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 307. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Last Trains in and out of Harrisburg." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 325. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Columbia, Pa., under the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 343. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Pennsylvania Ave., Cor. Sixth St., Washington, D. C." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 361. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Seventh St., Washington, D. C., under the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 379. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The aftermath of the Johnstown Flood. "Fourteenth St., Washington, D. C., in the Flood." In: "History of the Johnstown Flood", by Willis Fletcher Johnson, 1889. P. 397. Library Call Number M79.4 J71h.

The flood at Glen Falls, New York.

Part of the flooded residential section of Fremont, Ohio.

Merchant ship laboring in heavy seas as huge wave looms astern. Huge waves are common near the 100-fathom curve on the Bay of Biscay. Published in Fall 1993 issue of Mariner's Weather Log

World War II North Atlantic convoy duty

World War II North Atlantic convoy duty - S.S. COULMORE

World War II North Atlantic convoy duty Merchant vessel as seen from U.S.S. GREER (DD-145) Coming of summer was no guarantee of smooth sailing.

Heavy seas as experienced on S.S. PRESIDENT MADISON

Merchantman WINTER WATER takes heavy seas on the bow from tropical storm Georgette.

Merchantman WINTER WATER takes heavy seas on the bow from tropical storm Georgette.

Tanker taking green water over the bow

Merchant vessel caught in the trough of heavy seas prior to sinking

NOAA Ship DELAWARE II in basic crummy weather on Georges Bank