A typical invertebrate grouping found on the interior roof of the pipes consisting primarily of bryozoa, tunicates and sponges over the top of oyster shells. Oysters could not survive long once the other fouling organisms covered them over.

Image ID: reef0170, NOAA's Coral Kingdom Collection
Location: Pokai Bay, Oahu
Photo Date: January 1968
Photographer: Dr. James P. McVey, NOAA Sea Grant Program


Category: Coral Reefs/Artificial Reef/Invertebrates/

• High Resolution Photo Available