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FAO EDUCATIONAL POSters
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Fisheries
Fishing Techniques
FAO Educational Posterse
Fisheries
Processing anchovies (Engraulis ringens) at the SIPESA fishmeal plant.
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An educational poster produced by the United Nations Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO) for the Southeast Pacific Ocean area.
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The Southeast portion of the Pacific Ocean corresponds to the United NationsFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Area 87.
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Image #1 of sequence. Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer SST andSeaWiFS chlorophyll comparisons for January 1998 and July 1998.
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Image #2 of sequence. SST anomalies in January were close to the highest observed during the most recent El Nino. There is little or no evidence of the equatorial cold tongue or of enhanced chlorophyll along the equator.
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Image #3 of sequence. In sharp contrast, by July 1998, a dramatic recovery had taken place. There is a well-developed cold tongue and a dramatic bloom ofphytoplankton along the equator. High chlorophyll concentrations had notpreviously been observ
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On average, FAO statistical area 87 provides around 45 per cent of the World'scatch of small pelagic species.
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Fishing gear in the Southeast Pacific Ocean from left to right: a Chilean purseseiner; a tuna purse seiner in tropical waters of the northern part of Area 87;a Peruvian purse seiner; a trawler; and a small purse seiner.
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Normally an oceanographic phenomenon known as upwelling keeps the surfacewaters of the southeast Pacific Ocean cold and teeming with small pelagics thatare fished by purse seiners. Upwelling occurs in this zone when southeasterlytrade winds , produc
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The result of changes of water temperature on fisheries is significant. Aswater temperatures rise and nutrient levels decline, shoals of cold-water-loving small pelagics scatter and descend to depths of 150 to 200 meters, where theyare not accessibl
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For reasons not completely understood, in some years the anti-cyclone is lesspowerful than normal. The weaker winds it produces fail to draw cold waters upto the ocean's surface, thus opening the way for warm, nutrient-poor tropicalwaters. These ch
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The Mediterranean is a semi-enclosed sea relatively low in nutrients and fishery productivity. It has become increasingly polluted owing to runoff by nutrients from waste disposal and agriculture. Catch of key species such as Black Seaanchovy has f
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The Mediterranean and Black Seas fall within the same FAO statistical area (Area 37) but, apart from some migratory species, their fisheries and resources aremostly separate. The total catch from Area 37 showed a generally positive trend until the m
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Currents and Temperature - Atlantic waters enter the Mediterranean through theStraits of Gibraltar and flow east along the North African coast, becoming moresaline as evaporation exceeds freshwater inflows. Thus, the Mediterranean is more saline than
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A wide variety of fish and shellfish species support a mostly small-scale fishery, operating near to the coast. Over 40 types of gear are used in the Mediterranean. Most common type is trawlgear for benthic species; coastal purse seinersfor small pe
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High seas fisheries: Ocean pelagic resources living near the surface are exploited by purse seiners and surface long-liners . Top: Italian purse seinerfishing in the central Adriatic. Middle: Bluefin tuna caught in the South Tyrrhenian by a purse s
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Coastal Pelagic Fisheries: Small coastal pelagic species are exploited by coastal purse seiners. Top: Coastal purse seiners in the harbor of Fuengirola, Spain. Bottom: Anchovies caught in the Alboran Sea by coastal purse seiners andlanded in Fueng
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Demersal Fisheries: Species living near the bottom are exploited by trawlers.Top: Landings from trawlers in the market of Mazara del Vallo (Sicily), Italy.Bottom: Spanish trawler in the northwestern Mediterranean.
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Littoral Fisheries: Coastal species are exploited by small-scale gear (gill nets, trammel nets, bottom longlines and traps). Top: Small scale gear boat. Acitrezza (Sicily), Italy. Lower left: Landings of small-scale vessel. Gallipoli (Gulf of Tar
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Caballitos de totora, small one-man fishing boats.
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